Table 4.

Studies on other minor compound effects on cancer and CVDs in the last five years.

Sample	Treatments	Main Results	Ref.
Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs-d-Ad)	Taxifolin (0–50 μM for 18 and 24 h)	Taxifolin inhibits VEGFR-2 signaling pathway.	[77]
Human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231 and MCF7)	AO and MA (0.001–100 μM for 4, 24, 48 and 72 h)	AO inhibits the proliferation and increases the oxidative stress of highly invasive cells.	[114]
Invasive human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231)	UV and ER (0. 001–100 µM for 4, 24, 48 and 72 h)	UV protects DNA from damage, whereas ER enhances damage to DNA.	[115]
SUM-159 cells subcutaneously injected into athymic nude mice; or into the 2nd right mammary fat pad of female SCID/Beige mice	Pretreatment with DOA (10, 20 μmol/L for 3 d); or graded concentrations of DOA (for 2 h)	DOA blocks the formation of multicellular tumorspheres generated from single-founder stem-like cells in a panel of genetically diverse breast cancer models and suppresses CSC-like states responsible for maintaining tumor initiating cell properties within breast cancer populations.	[116]