Table 4.
Association (Odds Ratio, OR and 95% confidence intervals, CI) of incident disability in the activities of daily living after three-years follow-up according to the initial (age-and sex-adjusted), and “summary” (fully adjusted) logistic regression models in 867 participants. All the covariates were entered simultaneously into the regression models.
| Age- and sex-adjusted models |
Summary model |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | |
| Demographics & lifestyle habits | ||||||
| Age (years) | 1.13 | 1.10–1.16 | <.0001 | 1.12 | 1.09–1.14 | <.0001 |
| Sex (female) | 1.02 | .64–1.63 | .931 | 1.16 | .84–1.60 | .359 |
| Education (years) | .94 | .88–1.01 | .092 | |||
| Current alcohol consumptiona | .99 | .96–1.01 | .299 | |||
| Smokingb | 1.01 | .99–1.01 | .420 | |||
| Protein consumption (g/Kg/day) | .92 | .23–3.77 | .914 | |||
| Total lipids consumption (g/Kg/day) | 1.41 | .30–6.48 | .662 | |||
| Carbohydrates consumption (g/Kg/day) | 1.24 | .77–1.98 | .378 | |||
| Total energy (kcal/Kg/day) | .96 | .86–1.07 | .477 | |||
| Comorbid conditions | ||||||
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 1.45 | .77–2.73 | .252 | |||
| Heart failure | 3.20 | 1.55 –6.60 | .002 | 2.16 | 1.02–4.55 | .044 |
| Stroke | 1.77 | .93–3.37 | .083 | |||
| Arthritis | 1.25 | .78–2.02 | .351 | |||
| Parkinson's disease | 1.27 | .33–4.91 | .727 | |||
| Peripheral arterial disease | 1.71 | 1.04–2.82 | .035 | 1.74 | 1.10–2.77 | .019 |
| Coronary disease | .69 | .37–1.29 | .246 | |||
| Charlson comorbidity score index | 1.01 | .84–1.22 | .913 | |||
| Metabolic syndrome | .60 | .40-.89 | .012 | .61 | .41-.91 | .016 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Beta-blockers | .72 | .25–2.08 | .545 | |||
| Corticosteroids | .75 | .26–2.14 | .594 | |||
| ACE-Ic | 1.12 | .73–1.74 | .599 | |||
| Loop diuretics | 2.07 | 1.24–3.47 | .006 | 1.68 | .99–2.87 | .057 |
| NSAIDs | 1.75 | .62–4.93 | .289 | |||
| Antiplatelets | .76 | .47–1.21 | .247 | |||
| Objective tests | ||||||
| Total proteins (g/dl) | 2.58 | .94–7.02 | .064 | |||
| Serum creatinine (mg/dl) | .72 | .05–10.58 | .810 | |||
| Interleukin 6 (pg/ml)d | 1.37 | .79–2.38 | .262 | |||
| CRP-HS (mgml)d | .97 | .56–1.68 | .912 | |||
| Mini Mental State Examination | .94 | .80–1.09 | .398 | |||
| Baseline activities of daily living | .06 | .01 -.29 | <.0001 | .25 | .11-.57 | .016 |
| CES-De | 1.04 | .99–1.10 | .084 | |||
| Variations in body mass indexf | 1.17 | .90–1.52 | .228 | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 1.03 | .70–1.51 | .895 | |||
| Handgrip (Kg) | .96 | .89–1.03 | .272 | |||
a
Number of weekly wine glasses.
b
Total lifetime pack years.
c
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors.
d
Log–transformed.
e
20-item version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale.
f
Body Mass Index at follow-up - Body Mass Index al baseline