Table 1.
Baseline characteristics according to the decline in percentage of predicted FEV1
| Characteristics | Visit 1 | Visit 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Rapid decliners n= 2,585 | Non-rapid decliners n= 7,766 | p | Rapid decliners n= 2,585 | Non-rapid decliners n= 7,766 | p | |
| Demographics | ||||||
| Age –years | 54.4 ± 5.7 | 53.5 ± 5.6 | <0.001 | 57.7 ± 5.7 | 56.9 ± 5.6 | <0.001 |
| Male gender (%) | 1236 (48) | 3307 (43) | <0.001 | - | - | - |
| Race – White (%) | 2097 (81) | 6234 (80) | 0.31 | - | - | - |
| Center | <0.001 | - | - | - | ||
| Forsyth (%) | 727 (28) | 1990 (26) | - | - | - | |
| Jackson (%) | 418 (16) | 1337 (17) | - | - | - | |
| Minneapolis (%) | 881 (34) | 2286 (29) | - | - | - | |
| Washington (%) | 559 (22) | 2153 (28) | - | - | - | |
| Medical History | ||||||
| Hypertension (%) | 744 (29) | 2176 (28) | 0.45 | 881 (34) | 2290 (30) | <0.001 |
| Anti-hypertensive medications (%) | 618 (24) | 1793 (23) | 0.38 | 591 (23) | 1705 (22) | 0.30 |
| Diabetes (%) | 211 (8) | 634 (8) | 0.99 | 319 (12) | 906 (12) | 0.34 |
| LDL cholesterol | 137 ± 38 | 137 ± 38 | 0.86 | 134 ± 37 | 133 ± 36 | 0.20 |
| Lipid lowering medications (%) | 68 (3) | 187 (2) | 0.53 | 122 (5) | 441 (6) | 0.06 |
| Smoking Status | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Current (%) | 762 (30) | 1656 (21) | 731 (28) | 1500 (19) | ||
| Former (%) | 851 (33) | 2578 (33) | 961 (37) | 2981 (38) | ||
| Never (%) | 964 (37) | 3530 (46) | 892 (35) | 3283 (42) | ||
| NT-proBNP (pg/mL) | - | - | - | 54 [28 – 100] | 48 [26 – 85] | <0.001 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | - | - | - | 2.4 [1.2 – 5.0] | 2.0 [0.9 – 4.1] | <0.001 |
| Physical Exam | ||||||
| Height - cm | 168.9 ± 9.2 | 168.3 ± 9.3 | 0.001 | - | - | - |
| BMI(kg/m2) | 27.3 ± 5.0 | 27.2 ± 4.9 | 0.48 | 28.3 ± 5.4 | 27.4 ± 5.0 | <0.001 |
| Heart rate - bpm | 66.2 ± 9.9 | 66.1 ± 9.7 | 0.59 | 65.7 ± 10.3 | 65.3 ± 9.6 | 0.073 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 119.8 ± 17.3 | 119.3 ± 17.2 | 0.21 | 123.1 ± 18.6 | 119.5 ± 17.4 | <0.001 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 72.9 ± 10.8 | 73.0 ± 10.5 | 0.57 | 72.8 ± 10.4 | 71.7 ± 9.8 | <0.001 |
| Spirometry | ||||||
| FEV1 (liters) | 2.96 ± 0.77 | 2.91 ± 0.74 | 0.009 | 2.60 ± 0.74 | 2.84 ± 0.72 | <0.001 |
| Δ FEV1 (liters/yr) | - | - | - | 0.12 ± 0.06 | 0.02 ± 0.05 | <0.001 |
| Δ % predicted FEV1 (%/yr) | - | - | - | 3.27 ± 1.79 | 0.02 ± 1.75 | - |
| FVC (liters) | 4.00 ± 0.99 | 3.89 ± 0.97 | <0.001 | 3.60 ± 0.97 | 3.78 ± 0.94 | <0.001 |
| Δ FVC (liters/yr) | - | - | - | 0.14 ± 0.11 | 0.04 ± 0.07 | <0.001 |
| Δ % predicted FVC (%/yr) | - | - | - | 3.09 ± 2.63 | 0.37 ± 1.81 | <0.001 |
FEV1: forced expiratory volume in 1 second; BMI: body mass index; FVC: forced vital capacity; Δ: delta; Δ % predicted FEV1 per year: delta in the percentage of predicted FEV1; Δ % predicted FVC: delta in the percentage of predicted FVC per year. BP: blood pressure; LDL: low-density cholesterol.