Figure 5.

Endothelial glycocalyx-mediated NO production. (a) Internalization of the glypican-1 in caveolae is possible thanks to the stabilization of the actin filament by the transmembrane syndecan-1. The heparan sulfate is then cleaved to further increase the production of NO in the cells. This glycocalyx-mediated NO induces a vasodilatation of the endothelium and improves the steatotic graft condition; (b) in a graft with higher cold ischemia injury, the lower quantity of syndecan-1 is not sufficient to stabilize the cytoskeleton, which inhibits the formation of caveolae, leading to the absence of NO production.