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. 2018 Aug 28;9:1544. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01544

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Copyright © 2018 Perry, Braren, Blair and the Family Life Project Key Investigators.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Autoregressive cross-lagged mediation model relating poverty-related cumulative risk (6–36 months), social competence (K & G1), executive function (58 months & G1), and academic outcomes (G2). All coefficients are standardized (β). All significant pathways are bolded. **p < 0.001, ^†p < 0.10, K, Kindergarten; G1, Grade 1; G2, Grade 2; mo, months. Covariates are not shown.