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. 2018 Aug 2;14:2018–2026. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.14.177

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Mechanism of the Steglich esterification with the GO/RGO: (a) acid–base reaction of the carboxyl group with DMAP, (b) activation with a carbodiimide reagent, (c) reaction with DMAP, (d and e) desired reaction pathway (ester or amide bond formation), (d and f) reaction of the activated carboxyl group with water molecules.