Table I.
Demographical characteristics.
| Variable | Senile | Non-senile | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years)a | 69.1±6.1 | 41.5±9.9 | <0.01 |
| Sex (n) | |||
| Male | 88 | 185 | NS |
| Female | 69 | 147 | |
| Body mass index (kg/m2)a | 23.4±2.9 | 22.9±3.6 | NS |
| Intervention history (%) | |||
| ESWL | 32 (20.4) | 59 (17.8) | NS |
| PCNL | 17 (10.8) | 45 (13.6) | NS |
| fURS | 12 (7.6) | 31 (9.3) | NS |
| Preoperative stenting (%) | 19 (12.1) | 20 (6.0) | NS |
| Comorbidity (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 86 (54.8) | 74 (22.3) | <0.01 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 26 (16.6) | 35 (10.5) | <0.05 |
| Anticoagulation | 21 (13.4) | 23 (6.9) | <0.05 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 27 (17.2) | 18 (5.4) | <0.01 |
| Morbid obesity | 24 (15.3) | 73 (22.0) | NS |
| Diabetes mellitus | 15 (9.6) | 19 (5.7) | NS |
| Hydronephrosis | 38 (24.2) | 70 (21.1) | NS |
| Urinary tract infection | 21 (13.4) | 31 (9.3) | NS |
| Abnormal creatine | 13 (8.3) | 17 (5.1) | NS |
| Horseshoe kidney | 2 (1.3) | 14 (4.2) | NS |
| Solitary kidney | 2 (1.3) | 3 (0.9) | NS |
| Stone side (n) | |||
| Unilateral | 149 | 305 | NS |
| Bilateral | 8 | 27 | NS |
| Stone location (n) | |||
| Upper | 43 | 129 | NS |
| Middle | 55 | 114 | NS |
| Lower | 86 | 181 | NS |
| Pelvis | 61 | 147 | NS |
| Number of stones per side (n)a | 1.5±1.0 | 1.6±0.8 | NS |
| Mean stone burden (mm)a | 13.2±4.9 | 13.7±5.8 | NS |
| Mean digitized surface area (mm2)a | 154.6±57.7 | 163.5±69.3 | NS |
| UAS successful insertion rate (%) | 138 (87.9) | 296 (89.2) | NS |
| Operative time (min)a | 54.6±13.2 | 67.1±16.5 | NS |
| Single session SFR (%) | 128 (81.5) | 246 (74.1) | NS |
| Overall SFR (%) | 140 (89.2) | 284 (85.5) | NS |
| Hospitalization stay (days)a | 1.2±1.6 | 1.4±1.2 | NS |
| Complication rate (%) | NS | ||
| Persistent hematuria | 3 (1.9) | 5 (1.5) | NS |
| Ureteral perfortion | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | NS |
| Fever | 24 (15.3) | 43 (13.0) | NS |
a
Data presented as the mean ± standard deviation. NS, not significant; ESWL, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy; PCNL, percutaneous nephroscope lithotripsy; fURS, flexible ureterorenoscopy; UAS, ureteral access sheath; SFR, stone-free rate.