Table 4.
Categorized PAS scores across swallowing tasks. Summary measures are frequency (%)
| Swallowing task | PAS=1 or 2a
|
PAS=3–5
|
PAS=6–8
|
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| COPD (N=10) | Healthy (N=37) | COPD (N=10) | Healthy (N=37) | COPD (N=10) | Healthy (N=37) | |
| 5 mL thin 2 | 10 (100%) | 36 (97%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Cup thin | 10 (100%) | 35 (95%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (5%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Sequential thin | 8 (80%) | 34 (92%) | 2 (20%) | 3 (8%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| 5 mL nectar | 10 (100%) | 36 (97%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Cup nectar | 10 (100%) | 37 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Sequential nectar | 9 (90%) | 37 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (10%) | 0 (0%) |
| Honey | 10 (100%) | 37 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Pudding | 10 (100%) | 37 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
| Cookie | 10 (100%) | 37 (100%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) |
Notes:
a
Data from Robbins.19 PAS scores of 1 or 2 are frequently observed in healthy adults and, thus, are considered “normal”.
Abbreviation: PAS, Penetration–Aspiration Scale.