Table 5.
Polygenic risk score for risk-taking propensity (created using summary statistics from UKB) related to diet and eating behaviours in the Fenland study
| Variable | Total (N) | Effect (95% CI) | r 2 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| All participants—nutrient intake | ||||
| Energy (kcal/day) | 8981 | 803.5 (140.1, 1466.8) | 0.042 | 0.02* |
| Total fat (g/day)a | 8981 | 0.52 (0.12, 0.92) | 0.042 | 0.01* |
| Fruit and vegetables (g/day)a | 8844 | 0.46 (−0.07, 0.99) | 0.044 | 0.09 |
| Protein (g/day)a | 8981 | 0.36 (0.06, 0.66) | 0.010 | 0.02* |
| Fibre (g/day)a | 8981 | 0.28 (−0.10, 0.66) | 0.005 | 0.15 |
| Carbohydrates (g/day)a | 8981 | 0.25 (−0.10, 0.60) | 0.028 | 0.16 |
| Men only—eating behaviours | ||||
| Emotional eating | 1646 | 94.6 (35.7, 153.6) | 0.007 | 0.002** |
| Cognitive restraint | 1646 | −2.62 (−48.0, 42.7) | 0.005 | 0.91 |
| Uncontrolled eating | 1646 | 32.0 (−9.3, 73.3) | 0.019 | 0.13 |
| Women only—eating behaviours | ||||
| Emotional eating | 1869 | −21.2 (−82.7, 40.6) | 0.002 | 0.50 |
| Cognitive restraint | 1869 | −21.2 (−63.3, 20.8) | 0.005 | 0.32 |
| Uncontrolled eating | 1869 | 14.8 (−24.0, 53.6) | 0.013 | 0.45 |
| All participants—food-related behaviours | OR (95% CI) | |||
| TV snackingb | 4414 | 1.03 (0.99, 1.06) | — | 0.46 |
| Skipping breakfastb | 11,441 | 1.05 (1.02, 1.07) | — | 0.03* |
| Home-cooked foodb | 11,439 | 0.99 (0.97, 1.01) | — | 0.59 |
All models were linear or logistic regressions of the PRS for risk-taking to the variable, adjusted for age and sex. Sex-stratified models were only adjusted for age
TV snacking was coded: 0 never/rarely; 1 occasionally /usually/always; skipping breakfast was coded: 0 < 2 times a week; 1 ≥ 2 times a week; home-cooked food was coded: 0; > 5 meals a week home-cooked, 1; < 5 meals a week are home-cooked
*Nominally significant (P < 0.05)
**Bonferroni significant after adjustment for 15 tests (P < 0.003)
a Log-transformed
b Logistic regression