Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics of Patients in the Development and Validation Cohorts, Divided According to Gender
| Variable | Development Cohort (n = 7876) |
Validation Cohort (n = 4144) |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All | Females | Males | P Value | All | Females | Males | P Value | ||
| Patients, n (%) | 7876 (100) | 4967 (63.1) | 2909 (36.9) | — | 4144 (100) | 2638 (63.7) | 1506 (36.3) | — | |
| Age, y | 81.79 ± 8.05 | 83.19 ± 7.79 | 79.39 ± 7.91 | <.0001 | 81.95 ± 7.83 | 83.22 ± 7.56 | 79.72 ± 7.79 | <.0001 | |
| Main diagnosis, n (%) | |||||||||
| Dementia | 2446 (31.06) | 1783 (35.90) | 663 (22.79) | <.0001 | 1263 (30.48) | 901 (34.15) | 362 (24.04) | <.0001 | |
| Cancer | 1804 (22.91) | 800 (16.11) | 1004 (34.51) | 976 (23.55) | 452 (17.13) | 524 (34.79) | |||
| Ipokinetic syndrome | 857 (10.88) | 615 (12.38) | 242 (8.32) | 483 (11.66) | 355 (13.46) | 128 (8.50) | |||
| Cardiovascular disease | 593 (7.53) | 401 (8.07) | 192 (6.60) | 327 (7.89) | 222 (8.42) | 105 (6.97) | |||
| Neurologic disease | 550 (6.98) | 350 (7.05) | 200 (6.88) | 286 (6.90) | 178 (6.75) | 108 (7.17) | |||
| Stroke | 420 (5.33) | 261 (5.25) | 159 (5.47) | 212 (5.12) | 127 (4.81) | 85 (5.64) | |||
| Respiratory disease | 210 (2.67) | 107 (2.15) | 103 (3.54) | 84 (2.03) | 47 (1.78) | 37 (2.46) | |||
| Hip fractures | 196 (2.49) | 152 (3.06) | 44 (1.51) | 94 (2.27) | 79 (2.99) | 15 (1.00) | |||
| Other diseases | 800 (10.16) | 498 (10.03) | 302 (10.38) | 419 (10.11) | 277 (10.50) | 142 (9.43) | |||
| VIP | 5.54 ± 7.63 | 4.71 ± 7.14 | 6.94 ± 8.20 | <.0001 | 5.43 ± 7.35 | 4.78 ± 7.00 | 6.59 ± 7.81 | <.0001 | |
| VCOG | 5.34 ± 3.74 | 5.65 ± 3.63 | 4.82 ± 3.86 | <.0001 | 5.33 ± 3.68 | 5.64 ± 3.58 | 4.78 ± 3.80 | <.0001 | |
| VPIA | 4.38 ± 6.00 | 4.31 ± 5.97 | 4.49 ± 6.05 | .1652 | 4.52 ± 6.15 | 4.45 ± 6.11 | 4.64 ± 6.21 | .3755 | |
| VADL | 40.13 ± 19.55 | 40.45 ± 19.52 | 39.58 ± 19.59 | .0448 | 40.11 ± 19.43 | 40.04 ± 19.51 | 40.22 ± 19.28 | .8966 | |
| VMOB | 28.26 ± 13.31 | 28.49 ± 13.19 | 27.87 ± 13.50 | .0672 | 28.12 ± 13.34 | 28.10 ± 13.28 | 28.14 ± 13.45 | .7744 | |
| VSOC | 148.12 ± 67.74 | 151.91 ± 68.17 | 141.66 ± 66.50 | <.0001 | 150.83 ± 68.18 | 154.51 ± 68.01 | 144.39 ± 68.03 | <.0001 | |
| MPI-SVaMA 1-month | 0.45 ± 0.19 | 0.41 ± 0.17 | 0.52 ± 0.19 | <.0001 | 0.45 ± 0.19 | 0.41 ± 0.17 | 0.52 ± 0.19 | <.0001 | |
| MPI-SVaMA 1-year | 0.39 ± 0.19 | 0.35 ± 0.17 | 0.47 ± 0.20 | <.0001 | 0.40 ± 0.20 | 0.35 ± 0.18 | 0.48 ± 0.20 | <.0001 | |
| Mortality 1-mo, ev/pm (ir%) | 1264/7126 (17.7) | 600/4614 (13.0) | 664/2512 (26.4) | <.0001 | 681/3729 (18.3) | 313/2443 (12.8) | 368/1286 (28.6) | <.0001 | |
| Mortality 1-y, ev/py (ir%) | 3398/4793 (70.9) | 1790/3319 (53.9) | 1608/1475 (109) | <.0001 | 1816/2512 (72.3) | 949/1763 (53.8) | 867/749 (115.8) | <.0001 | |
Data are reported as means ± SD frequencies and percentages. Two-sided P values refer to Mann-Whitney or Pearson chi-square statistics, for continuous and categorical variables, respectively.
ev/pm, events/person-months; ev/py, events/person-years; ir%, incidence rates per 100 person-months (or person-years); MPI-SVaMA, Multidimensional Prognostic Index based on the Standardized Multidimensional Assessment Schedule (Scheda per la Valutazione Multidimensionale delle persone adulte e Anziane); VADL, activities of daily living; VCOG, cognitive functions; VIP, nursing care needs; VMOB, mobility; VPIA, pressure sores risk; VSOC, social support network.