Table 5.

Urinary level of KIM-1, NGAL and Cys-C among the studied population with (AKI+) or without acute Kidney injury (AKI-)

Biomarkers (ng/ml)	AKI (+) 35 cases		AKI (−) 97 cases
	Dunnett’s multiple comparisons	Two way ANOVA p-value		Two way ANOVA p-value
1. KIM-1
Day 0 versus day 1	< 0.048*		0.58	0.94
Day 0 versus day 2	< 0.0026**	< 0.0002***	1
Day 0 versus day 3	< 0.0015**		0.29
Day 1 versus day 2	0.019*		0.63
Day 2 versus day 3	0.37		0.36
2. NGAL
Day 0 versus day 1	0.81		0.89
Day 0 versus day 2	0.011*	0.0015**	0.81	0.99
Day 0 versus day 3	0.006**		0.86
Day 1 versus day 2	0.017*		0.95
Day 2 versus day 3	0.33		0.94
3. Cys-c
Day 0 versus day 1	0.445		0.71	0.69
Day 0 versus day 2	0.045*	0.0045**	0.45
Day 0 versus day 3	0.007**		0.35
Day 1 versus day 2	0.11		0.66
Day 2 versus day 3	0.11		0.87

Day 0 means the day of PBD intake. Day 1, day2 and day3 means one, two and three days after PBD intake. Two way ANOVA p-values were shown for each biomarker. Intergroup differences significance was calculated by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test. * means p-vlaue< 0.05, ** means p-value< 0.01, while *** means p-value < 0.001