Table 2.

Antifungal therapy depending on (1,3)-β-D-glucan concentrations

Diagnostic results	Recommendation
(1,3)-β-D-glucan < 80 pg/ml in both measurements	No initial antifungal therapy
• No Candida spp. in blood culture or other primary sterile body fluids	No antifungal therapy
• Candida spp. proven in blood culture or other primary sterile body fluids	Start antifungal therapy according to European guidelines
(1,3)-β-D-glucan ≥ 80 pg/ml in one of two measurements	Immediately start antifungal therapy for ICI according to European guidelines [16]
• No Candida spp. in blood culture or other primary sterile body fluids	Antifungal therapy is discontinued
• Candida spp. proven in blood culture or other primary sterile body fluids	Antifungal therapy is continued
(1,3)-β-D-glucan ≥ 80 pg/ml in both measurements	Immediately start antifungal therapy for ICI according to European guidelines [16]
• No Candida spp. in blood culture or other primary sterile body fluids	Antifungal therapy is continued
• Candida spp. proven in blood culture or other primary sterile body fluids	Antifungal therapy is continued

Treatment recommendations for antifungal therapy depend on the results of the (1,3)-β-D-glucan results as well as the results from initial blood cultures and optional microbiological results from primary sterile body fluids

ICI invasive Candida infection