Table 5.
Thermal properties including thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and specific heat of biocarbon samples, with standard deviations, as well as electrical conductivity of biocarbon samples, measured using impedance spectroscopy of a packed powder tube under 127 kPa of pressure with standard deviations (see table 1 for abbreviations).
| material | thermal properties |
electrical conductivity (mS m−1) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| conductivity (mW m−1 K−1) | diffusivity (10−2 mm2 s−1) | specific heat (MJ m−3 K−1) | ||
| SH1 | 117 ± 4.67 | 3.36 ± 0.246 | 3.49 ± 0.259 | 22.7 ± 0.7215 |
| SH2 | 119 ± 1.56 | 2.23 ± 1.34 | 3.66 ± 0.0980 | 13.9 ± 0.5346 |
| SH3 | 163 ± 3.44 | 5.40 ± 0.0821 | 2.84 ± 0.0305 | 46.9 ± 0.3092 |
| SH4 | 153 ± 0.411 | 5.01 ± 0.234 | 3.25 ± 0.0895 | 119 ± 4.297 |
| LC1 | 119 ± 2.36 | 3.45 ± 0.134 | 3.60 ± 0.0585 | 8.40 ± 1.238 |
| LC2 | 121 ± 7.85 | 4.34 ± 0.182 | 3.03 ± 0.0792 | 9.93 ± 1.027 |
| LC3 | 171 ± 9.22 | 9.82 ± 0.440 | 2.59 ± 0.1324 | 5.78 ± 0.7176 |
| LC4 | 202 ± 3.52 | 9.42 ± 0.214 | 2.16 ± 0.0568 | 3.50 ± 0.09596 |
| DC1 | 118 ± 2.54 | 3.32 ± 0.0927 | 3.41 ± 0.0693 | 8.50 ± 1.139 |
| DC2 | 132 ± 6.20 | 3.89 ± 0.209 | 3.03 ± 0.0177 | 8.89 ± 0.6218 |
| DC3 | 196 ± 4.09 | 6.65 ± 0.696 | 2.00 ± 0.0536 | 307 ± 61.80 |
| DC4 | 223 ± 6.88 | 12.38 ± 0.933 | 1.81 ± 0.0898 | 1.810 ± 16.25 |