Table 5.

The role of CO in different applications or products.

description	application/product	role of CO	references
coatings	polyamidoamine toughened epoxy coating	curing agent	[65]
polyurethane	polyurethane films for protein adsorption	cross-linking agent	[66]
biofuels	biodiesel	triglyceride	[67]
membranes	polyurethane/polyaniline membranes for electrodialysis and fuel cells	polyol	[68]
polyurethane	microcellular polyurethane	polyol	[69]
interpenetrating polymer	hydrogenated CO uralkyd resin/poly(butyl acrylate) blend	polyol	[70]
methoxycinnamic oil	sunscreen active ingredient	hydroxy oil	[71]
polymer composite	dehydrated CO epoxy/poly(methacrylic acid) blend	additive	[72]
thermosetting resins	FA-based co-monomer for styrene replacement	plasticizer	[73]
hyper-branched polyester	polyester	methyl 10-undecenoate	[74]
polyester	CO-based organogels	methyl ricinoleate	[75]
biochemicals	γ-decalactone	ricinoleic acid	[76]
biosurfactants	sophorolipids	non-conventional carbon source/substrate	[77]
organic–inorganic hybrid films	epoxidized CO/-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane	alkene	[78]
non-ionic surfactants	polyethylene oxide monomethyl ether-based CO	alkene	[79]