Skip to main content
. 2018 Jun 28;47(4):1131–1140. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyy131

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Genetic associations of education with cotinine levels. Analysis of 4548 daily smokers (SNP n = 72 of a possible 74). A) Funnel plot showing minor allele frequency and causal estimate correlations for each SNP. Lines represent the effect sizes of the different regression analyses. B) Scatter plot showing correlation of genetic associations of education with genetic associations of cotinine levels. Lines represent the slopes of the different regression analyses. C) Cook’s distances and Studentized residuals from inverse variance weighted method. D) as C) from MR Egger method, in order to ascertain the presence of outliers. Cook’s distance represents the influence of each estimate on the regression slope of the model(s). Dashed lines in Studentized residual graphs represent Bonferroni corrected significance threshold. Any SNPs which fall outside these dashed lines may be considered outliers. E) and F) as A) and B), after excluding outlier SNP rs113520408 (highlighted in panel A).