Table 3. Prevalence and intensity of schistosomiasis infections at baseline and in 2015.
| 2009a,j | 2015j | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S. haematobiumb | S. mansonic | Any schistosomiasisd | S. haematobiume | S. mansonif | Any schistosomiasisg | ||||||||
| N = 17098 | N = 17098 | N = 17096 | N = 16783 | N = 16866 | N = 16775 | ||||||||
| Prevalence of infection | |||||||||||||
| n | (%) | n | (%) | N | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | ||
| 3638 | (21.0) | 634 | (3.6) | 4063 | (23.5) | 710 | (4.2) | 129 | (0.8) | 835 | (5.0) | ||
| Intensity of infectionh | N = 17100 | N = 2842 | N = 16890 | ||||||||||
| — among all children | n | (%) | n | (%) | n | (%) | |||||||
| Heavy | — | 50 | (0.3) | — | 34 | (1.2) | 11 | (0.1) | — | ||||
| Moderate | — | 105 | (0.6) | — | NA | 37 | (0.2) | — | |||||
| Light | — | 144 | (0.8) | — | 55 | (1.9) | 81 | (0.5) | — | ||||
| Negative | — | 15886 | (92.9) | — | 2753 | (96.9) | 16737 | (99.1) | — | ||||
| Missing | — | 915 | (5.4) | — | 0 | (0.0) | 24 | (0.1) | — | ||||
| — among infected children with egg count data | N = 299 | N = 89 | N = 129 | ||||||||||
| Heavy | — | 50 | (16.7) | — | 34 | (38) | 11 | (8) | — | ||||
| Moderate | — | 105 | (35.1) | — | NA | 37 | (29) | — | |||||
| Light | — | 144 | (48.2) | — | 55 | (62) | 81 | (63) | — | ||||
| Mean EPGi or eggs/10mL urine | — | 289 | — | 168 | 166 | — | |||||||
| Median [range] | — | 120 | — | 30 | 72 | — | |||||||
| — | [24–9672] | — | [1–3720] | [24–2160] | — | ||||||||
aThe total number of children surveyed in 2009 is 16440, plus an additional 660 children were surveyed in 33 schools in Binah in 2007, for a total of 17100 children at baseline (“2009”). The 2007 survey in Binah evaluated 20 children per school. The 2009 baseline and 2015 follow-up surveys evaluated 15 children per school. In order to allow a direct comparison of the baseline and follow-up surveys, the 2007 Binah data were weighted to represent 15 children per school. Therefore, the prevalence estimates at baseline are not exactly equal to the number of children testing positive divided by the number of children surveyed.
bData on S. haematobium are missing for two children in 2009. Data on intensity of infection with S. haematobium are not available in 2009.
cData on S. mansoni are missing for two children in 2009. Data on intensity of infection with for S. mansoni are not available for the 660 children from Binah district and are missing for an additional 255 children in 2009.
dData on S. haematobium are missing for two children and data on S. mansoni are missing for two children.
eData on S. haematobium are missing for 107 children. Data on intensity of infection with S. haematobium are available for the subset of urine samples that were filtered. Urine filtration was performed on the first five urine samples collected in the first school visited in each sub-district.
fData on S. mansoni are missing for 24 children.
gData on S. haematobium and/or S. mansoni are missing for 115 children.
hFor Schistosoma haematobium: 1–50 eggs/10mL urine = light infection; >50 eggs/10mL urine = heavy infection. For Schistosoma mansoni: 1–99 epg = light infection; 100–399 epg = moderate infection; ≥400 epg = heavy infection.
iEPG = Eggs per gram of stool (for S. mansoni). Eggs/10mL urine (for S. haematobium). Mean = arithmetic mean.
jp<0.001 for the difference in prevalence of S. haematobium and S. mansoni infection, and for the difference in S. mansoni intensity of infection, between 2009 and 2015.