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. 2018 Sep 5;8:13259. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31525-z

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Summary of DoC patients’ clinical and fMRI assessment data. Auditory processing. In the fMRI assessment, three patients clinically diagnosed to be in a VS did not show evidence of auditory processing. The other eight patients who showed evidence of auditory processing, two patients clinically diagnosed as VS did not show evidence of brain-based command-following, and the other six, including two diagnosed as VS, showed evidence of brain-based command-following, and thus, of covert awareness. Command-following. 6/11 patients followed task commands by willfully modulating their brain activity as requested, and thus, provided evidence of conscious awareness. Two of these (P2, P5) presented a CMD profile, or a behavioral diagnosis of VS that was inconsistent with their positive fMRI results. 5/11 patients showed no evidence of willful responses in the fMRI command-following task, and, thus, provided no neuroimaging evidence of awareness. One (P7) showed no neuroimaging evidence of awareness despite an MCS diagnosis, due to falling asleep in the scanner for the entirely of the session (Materials and Methods).