Serum concentrations of β-lactams (at optimal period of time divided by clinical breakpoints of Pseudomonas aeruginosa), in function of quartiles of mCLCR, as indicated. Solid horizontal black lines, median serum concentrations; dashed horizontal black lines, pharmacodynamic target of 4× MIC of the clinical breakpoints for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Serum concentration at optimal period of time is the serum concentration at 40%, 50%, or 70% of the dosage interval of MEM, TZP, or FEP/CAZ, respectively.