Table 1.
Characteristics of mother–infant pairs using dolutegravir during pregnancy from two large urban academic centers, January 2015 to May 2018.
| Maternal characteristics | Total, n = 66 | Philadelphia, n = 35 | Atlanta, n = 31 |
| Age, mean (SD) | 28.5 (6) | 29 (6) | 28 (6) |
| Race/ethnicity, n (%) | |||
| Black, non-Hispanic | 56 (84.8) | 27 (77.1) | 29 (93.5) |
| White, non-Hispanic | 1 (1.5) | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) |
| Hispanic | 8 (12.1) | 6 (17.1) | 2 (6.5) |
| Asian, Pacific Islander | 1 (1.5) | 1 (2.9) | 0 (0.0) |
| Non-US born | 13 (19.7) | 6 (17.1) | 7 (22.6) |
| Years with HIV diagnosis, mean (SD)a | 9.9 (7.7) | 9.8 (8.4) | 10 (7.0) |
| CD4+ greater than 200 at entry in prenatal care, n (%) | 56 (84.8) | 31 (88.6) | 25 (80.6) |
| HIV diagnosed before current pregnancy, n (%) | 60 (90.9) | 30 (85.7) | 30 (96.8) |
| DTG used before pregnancy, n (%) | 28 (42.4) | 17 (48.6) | 11 (35.5) |
| Women not on ART at the beginning of pregnancy who initiated DTG during pregnancy, n (%) | 16 (24.2) | 11 (31.4) | 5 (16.1) |
| Gestational age at DTG initiation, mean weeks (SD) | 18.1 (8.9) | 17.1 (8.5) | 20.4 (10.4) |
| Change in regimen during pregnancy to include DTG, n (%) | 22 (33.3) | 7 (20.0) | 15 (48.4) |
| Gestational age of ART change, mean weeks (SD) | 21.1 (10.0) | 17.6 (8.7) | 23 (10.5) |
| Preexisting HIV resistance, n (%) | 16 (24.2) | 7 (20) | 9 (29.0) |
| Resistance developed while on DTG, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| b Viral load less than 20 copies/ml using last available viral load, n (%) | 49 (74.2) | 27 (77.1) | 22 (71.0) |
| Viral load less than 20 copies among women who delivered, n (%) | 44/57 (77.2) | 27/31 (87.1) | 17/26 (65.4) |
| Baseline viral load among women who either initiated or switched to DTG, copies/ml | 14 363 | 15 192 | 13 617 |
| Average time to viral suppression, days (SD) | 48 (23) | 40.4 (18.6) | 59.7 (27.3) |
| Infant characteristics | n = 57 | n = 31 (includes two sets of twins) | n = 26 |
| APGAR score at 1 min, mean (SD) | 8 (1.5) | 8 (1.4) | 8 (2) |
| APGAR score at 5 min, mean (SD) | 9 (0.8) | 8.7 (1) | 9 (1) |
| c Preterm birth, n (%) | 18 (31.6) | 9 (29.0) | 9 (34.6) |
| d Small for gestational age, n (%) | 9 (15.8) | 5 (16.1) | 4 (15.4) |
| Birth defect, n (%) | 2 (3.5) | 2 (6.5) | 0 (0) |
| Infant HIV-positive status, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
Out of 66 pregnancies (35 in Philadelphia and 31 in Atlanta), so far, 57 have resulted in live deliveries. Two women in the cohort did not have delivery data because one moved out of the country while pregnant and the other had an elective termination of her pregnancy in the second trimester. APGAR: appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respiration; ART: antiretroviral therapy; DTG: dolutegravir.
aThere were a total of 12 (18%) women who acquired HIV perinatally.
bThe HIV viral load used was the one closest to delivery if delivery occurred or the last available lab value at the time of chart abstraction if the woman had not yet delivered.
cPreterm births: birth before 37 weeks.
dSmall for gestational age: weight less than 10th percentile.