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. 2016 Dec 28;38(9):1618–1630. doi: 10.1177/0271678X16682509

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

Oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in moyamoya, sickle cell anemia (SCA), and age-matched control participants. A two-sided Wilcoxon rank-sum test was performed to test the primary hypothesis that OEF was elevated in moyamoya and SCA participants compared to age-matched controls, and that CBF was decreased in moyamoya participants compared to controls. (a) OEF is elevated in moyamoya participants compared to age-matched controls (P < 0.001). (b) Reduced mean gray matter CBF in moyamoya participants relative to controls, but this reduction was not significant, likely due to preserved posterior territory CBF in many patients and regions of high ASL intravascular signal. (c) OEF is elevated in SCA participants compared to age-matched controls (P = 0.045). (d) CBF is elevated in SCA participants compared to age-matched controls (P < 0.001). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. In the moyamoya arm of the study, a sub-analysis was performed that evaluated only females in both the control (n = 15) and moyamoya (n = 17) groups. Trends were identical, and the OEF was elevated in the moyamoya participants compared to the controls (P = 0.06), and CBF was decreased in the moyamoya participants compared to controls (P = 0.02).