Table 1.
The known tumor-related functions of MAGE family
| Type | Subtype | Gene name | Highly expressed tumor type | Biological functions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAGE-I | MAGE-A | MAGE-A1 | Melanoma; gastric cancer; endometrial cancer; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; head and neck cancer | Activating p-C-JUN directly or through ERK-MAPK pathways; Repressing transcription by binding to SKIP and recruiting HDAC1 |
| MAGE-A2 | Glioma; breast cancer | Degradation of P53, MDM2, MDM4; Increasing ER-dependent signaling | ||
| MAGE-A3 | Non-small-cell lung cancer; hepatocellular carcinoma | Degradation of P53, AMPKα1; Enhancing TRIM28-dependent degradation of FBP1 | ||
| MAGE-A4 | Hepatocellular carcinoma; lung cancer | Inactivate the oncoprotein gankyrin | ||
| MAGE-A5 | Head and neck cancer; non-small-cell lung cancer | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-A6 | Breast, colon, and lung cancer | Degradation of P53, AMPKα1 | ||
| MAGE-A7 | Non-small-cell lung cancer | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-A8 | Bladder cancer | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-A9 | Head and neck cancer; hepatocellular carcinoma; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; breast, colorectal, lung, bladder cancer | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-A10 | Breast cancer; stomach cancer; melanoma; esophageal and head and neck squamous carcinoma; bladder, lung, hepatocellular carcinoma | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-A11 | Breast cancer; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; head and neck cancer; non-small cell lung cancer; prostate cancer | Increasing Skp2-mediated degradation of cyclin A and p130; Decreasing Skp2-mediated degradation of E2F1 and Skp2 self-ubiquitination; Increasing the AR transcriptional activity | ||
| MAGE-A12 | Prostatic carcinoma and colorectal cancer; melanoma, bladder, lung, esophageal carcinoma; head and neck cancer | Promoting the ubiquitination of p21 | ||
| MAGE-B | MAGE-B1 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Not well characterized | |
| MAGE-B2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-B3 | Colorectal cancer | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-B4–18 | Not well characterized | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-C | MAGE-C1 | Cutaneous melanoma; breast, lung cancer | Not well characterized | |
| MAGE-C2 | Hepatocellular carcinoma; breast, lung cancer; melanoma; gastrointestinal stromal tumors | Enhancing TRIM28-dependent degradation of FBP1; Inhibiting degradation of cyclinE; Increasing KAP1-Ser824 phosphorylation | ||
| MAGE-C3–7 | Not well characterized | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-II | MAGE-D | MAGE-D1 | Breast cancer | Not well characterized |
| MAGE-D2 | Melanoma; gastric, colorectal cancer; hepatocellular carcinoma | Suppressing TRAIL-induced apoptosis | ||
| MAGE-D3 | Not well characterized | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-D4 | Glioma; hepatocellular carcinoma Colorectal, esophageal, lung cancer |
Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-E | MAGE-E1 | Glioma | Not well characterized | |
| MAGE-E2–3 | Not well characterized | Not well characterized | ||
| MAGE-F | MAGE-F1 | Colorectal, ovarian, breast, cervical cancer; melanoma and leukemia | Not well characterized | |
| MAGE-G | MAGE-G1 | Not well characterized | Not well characterized | |
| MAGE-H | MAGE-H1 | Breast cancer; colorectal cancer | Upregulating mir-200a/b expression via association with p73 | |
| MAGE-L2 | MAGE-L2 | Not well characterized | Not well characterized | |
| NECDIN | NECDIN | Melanoma, prostate and breast cancer; leukemia; urothelial carcinoma | Repression in a STAT3-dependent manner |