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. 2018 Sep 5;6:153. doi: 10.1186/s40168-018-0535-z

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© The Author(s). 2018

Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

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Fig. 1 — Higher diversity in the 16-23S intergenic spacer region (ISR) compared to the 16S V1-V3 among oral streptococci. Left: alignment of the 16S V1-V3 regions of common oral Streptococcus sp. shows alternating conserved and hypervariable regions. The limited amount of variation makes it difficult to distinguish between oral streptococci using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Right: alignment of the ISR sequence of the same Streptococcus sp. show much higher variation, as evident from large gap regions, with the most prominent conserved region being the alanine tRNA gene