Table 2.

Comparison of BMDs (g/cm²) at various measured sites

	Men (n = 3383, N = 4 370 109)c			Normal vs. preDM	Normal vs. DM	PreDM vs. DM
	Normal	PreDM	DM
	n = 1702 (51.67%)	n = 1037 (29.76%)	n = 644 (18.57%)	p-value	p-value	p-value
Crude
lumbar spine (n = 3215)	0.928 ± 0.004	0.966 ± 0.006	0.973 ± 0.008	<0.001*	<0.001*	0.478
total hip	0.924 ± 0.003	0.951 ± 0.005	0.950 ± 0.006	<0.001*	<0.001*	0.872
femoral neck	0.751 ± 0.003	0.768 ± 0.005	0.762 ± 0.006	0.004*	0.091	0.448
Model 1a
lumbar spine	0.923 ± 0.001	0.962 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.001*	0.006*	0.994
total hip	0.911 ± 0.002	0.940 ± 0.002	0.936 ± 0.003	0.014*	0.226	0.434
femoral neck	0.738 ± 0.001	0.757 ± 0.002	0.749 ± 0.002	0.228	0.702	0.222
Model 2b
lumbar spine	0.922 ± 0.001	0.967 ± 0.002	0.969 ± 0.002	<0.001*	0.001*	0.765
total hip	0.912 ± 0.002	0.944 ± 0.002	0.939 ± 0.002	<0.001*	<0.001*	0.316
femoral neck	0.738 ± 0.002	0.760 ± 0.002	0.752 ± 0.003	0.046	0.034	0.707

^aModel 1: adjusted for age and BMI

^bModel 2: adjusted for age, BMI, alcohol consumption, serum vitamin D, smoke status, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, total cholesterol, hypertension, physical activity, and HOMA-IR

^cThe data are presented as means ± SE. n = unweighted; N = the size of Korean population estimated using sample weights

*P<0.0167 compared to 3 groups by Bonferroni’s correction