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. 2018 Sep;13(9):1657–1664. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.232530

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Copyright: © Neural Regeneration Research

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Effect of apocynin (Apo) treatment for 4 weeks on the immunoreactivity of S-100 in sciatic nerve of DN rats.

Representative immunohistochemical images of S-100 staining in the sciatic nerve sections: (A) control group, (B) DN group, (C) DN + Apo30 group, (D) DN + Apo100 group. Original magnification, 100×, black bars correspond to 50 µm scale (A). The number of S-100-immunoreactive cells significantly decreased in DN rats (B). Apocynin treatment at both doses reversed these histopathological changes dramatically and dose-dependently prevented Schwann cell degeneration and loss (C and D). Red arrows represent S-100 immunostained axoplasmic structures. (E) Bar graphics show the number of S-100 immunoreactive cells. ***P < 0.001, vs. control group; ###P < 0.001, vs. DN group; $$$P < 0.001, vs. DN + Apo30 group. n = 3 rats. DN: Diabetic neuropathy; Apo30: DN rats treated with apocynin 30 mg/kg per day; Apo100: DN rats treated with Apo 100 mg/kg per day.