Table 2. Descriptive statistics for each items, and the factor belonging and ITCs of each items in MDSI, MDSI-S and MDSI-RO.
| Items | M | SD | MDSI | MDSI-S | MDSI-RO | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Factor | ITCs | Factor | ITCs | Factor | ITCs | ||||
| 1 | intend to switch on the windscreen wipers, but switch on the lights instead | 2.14 | 1.219 | dissociative | 0.638** | dissociative | 0.623** | dissociative | 0.667** |
| 9 | forget that my lights are on full beam until flashed by another motorist | 2.60 | 1.245 | dissociative | 0.612** | dissociative | 0.644** | dissociative | 0.692** |
| 17 | nearly hit something due to misjudging my gap in a parking lot | 3.07 | 1.281 | dissociative | 0.593** | dissociative | 0.608** | dissociative | 0.632** |
| 25 | attempt to drive away from traffic lights in third gear (or on the neutral mode in automatic cars) | 2.48 | 1.529 | dissociative | 0.589** | dissociative | 0.572** | dissociative | 0.633** |
| 32 | lost in thoughts or distracted, I fail to notice someone at the pedestrian crossings | 2.06 | 1.179 | dissociative | 0.710** | dissociative | 0.723** | - | - |
| 34 | I daydream to pass the time while driving# | 2.32 | 1.247 | dissociative | 0.549** | distress-reduction | 0.548** | - | - |
| 3 | enjoy the excitement of dangerous driving | 2.03 | 1.391 | risky | 0.836** | risky | 0.796** | risky | 0.782** |
| 11 | enjoy the sensation of driving on the limit | 2.13 | 1.395 | risky | 0.858** | risky | 0.830** | risky | 0.822** |
| 19 | like to take risks while driving | 1.89 | 1.148 | risky | 0.801** | risky | 0.750** | risky | 0.768** |
| 27 | like the thrill of flirting with death or disaster | 1.33 | .851 | risky | 0.661** | - | - | - | - |
| 2 | feel nervous while driving | 2.29 | 1.208 | anxious | 0.759** | anxious | 0.703** | anxious | 0.782** |
| 10 | feel distressed while driving | 2.05 | 1.128 | anxious | 0.746** | anxious | 0.745** | anxious | 0.823** |
| 18 | driving makes me feel frustrated | 1.89 | 1.027 | anxious | 0.753** | anxious | 0.768** | anxious | 0.835** |
| 26 | it worries me when driving in bad weather | 4.24 | 1.216 | anxious | 0.546** | - | - | - | - |
| 4 | swear at other drivers | 2.34 | 1.324 | angry | 0.757** | angry | 0.757** | - | - |
| 12 | when someone does something on the road that annoys me, I flash them with the high beam | 3.08 | 1.545 | angry | 0.804** | - | - | - | - |
| 20 | honk my horn at others as a way of expressing frustrations | 2.92 | 1.529 | angry | 0.782** | - | - | angry high-velocity |
0.700** |
| 5 | in a traffic jam, I think about ways to get through the traffic faster# | 3.95 | 1.275 | high-velocity | 0.681** | - | - | angry- high-velocity | 0.705** |
| 13 | when in a traffic jam and the lane next to me starts to move, I try to move into that lane as soon as possible# | 3.15 | 1.314 | high-velocity | 0.719** | - | - | angry- high-velocity | 0.700** |
| 21 | when a traffic light turns green and the car in front of me doesn’t get going immediately, I try to urge the driver to move on# | 3.86 | 1.323 | high-velocity | 0.711** | - | - | angry- high-velocity | 0.766** |
| 28 | purposely tailgate other drivers# | 2.78 | 1.367 | high-velocity | 0.550** | risky | 0.510** | - | - |
| 33 | get impatient during rush hours# | 3.44 | 1.389 | high-velocity | 0.690** | anxious | 0.566** | angry- high-velocity | 0.719** |
| 35 | drive through traffic lights that have just turned red# | 1.81 | 1.014 | high-velocity | 0.490** | angry | 0.617** | - | - |
| 6 | use muscle relaxation techniques while driving | 4.12 | 1.236 | distress-reduction | 0.738** | - | - | distress-reduction | 0.781** |
| 14 | while driving, I try to relax myself | 4.61 | 1.049 | distress-reduction | 0.731** | - | - | distress-reduction | 0.748** |
| 22 | do relaxing activities while driving | 3.92 | 1.303 | distress-reduction | 0.677** | distress-reduction | 0.763** | distress-reduction | 0.702** |
| 29 | mediate while driving | 4.60 | .896 | distress-reduction | 0.576** | distress-reduction | 0.458** | - | - |
| 7 | at an intersection where I have to give right-of-way to oncoming traffic, I wait patiently for cross-traffic to pass# | 4.99 | 1.003 | patient | 0.681** | careful | 0.645** | patient and careful | 0.721** |
| 8 | drive cautiously | 5.30 | 0.832 | patient | 0.578** | - | - | patient and careful | 0.668** |
| 15 | base my behavior on the motto “better safe than sorry” # | 5.25 | 0.981 | patient | 0.581** | careful | 0.724** | patient and careful | 0.660** |
| 16 | always ready to react to unexpected maneuvers by other drivers | 4.69 | 1.061 | patient | 0.662** | careful | 0.718** | patient and careful | 0.592** |
| 23 | when a traffic light turns green and the car in front of me doesn’t get going, I just wait for a while until it moves# | 3.68 | 1.336 | patient | 0.613** | angry | -0.726** | patient and careful | 0.528** |
| 24 | distracted or preoccupied, and suddenly realize the vehicle ahead has slowed down, and have to slam on the breaks to avoid a collision# | 3.12 | 1.209 | patient | 0.670**** | dissociative | -0.145* | - | - |
| 30 | plan long journeys in advance# | 5.08 | 1.077 | patient | 0.565** | careful | 0.604** | - | - |
| 31 | get a thrill out of breaking the law | 1.29 | 0.714 | patient | 0.556** | - | - | - | - |
Notes
# the item belong to different styles in different version of MDSI
the items adopted in the final inventory are bolded
* p < 0.05
** p < 0.01.