Table 3.
Contact Sport Athletes and Non-Contact Sport Athletes vs Vascular Risk Factors and Depression
| Contact Athletes (n=21) | Non-Contact Athletes (n=21) | p-value | Cohen effect (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AHA/ACC Risk | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 14.11 (±10.60) | 10.36 (±8.44) | 0.223 | 0.39 (−9.89, 2.37) |
| Elevated Risk1 | 70% (n = 14/20*) | 62% (n = 13/21) | 0.747 | 0.10 (−0.35, 0.26) |
| Body Mass Index | ||||
| Mean (SD) | 29.67 (±3.64) | 24.52 (±2.55) | <0.001 | 1.63 (−7.10, −3.19) |
| Obese (BMI > 30) | 42.8% (n = 9) | 0% (n = 0) | <0.001 | 1.19 (−0.65, −0.21) |
| One or More Reported VRF2 | 71.4% (n = 15) | 42.9% (n = 9) | 0.005 | 0.57 (−0.59, 0.017) |
| History of High Blood Pressure | 38.0% (n = 8) | 19.0% (n = 4) | 0.18 | 0.41 (−0.47, 0.092) |
| History of Diabetes | - | - | - | - |
| History of High Cholesterol | 9.5% (n = 2) | 19.0% (n = 4) | 0.39 | 0.25 (−0.13, 0.32) |
| History of Smoking | 33.3% (n = 7) | 23.8% (n = 5) | 0.506 | 0.19 (−0.38, 0.19) |
| Total Cholesterol (SD) | 189.4 (±30) | 182.8 (±25) | 0.44 | 0.24 (−23.8, 10.5) |
| LDL3 Cholesterol (SD) | 106.9 (±39) | 103.3 (±33) | 0.753 | 0.09 (−26.0, 19.0) |
| HDL4 Cholesterol (SD) | 42.6 (±8) | 49.8 (±11) | 0.017 | 0.76 (1.37, 13.1) |
| Beck Depression Inventory | ||||
| Mean Score (SD) | 10.2 (±8.1) | 3.9 (±5.3) | 0.004 | 0.92 (−10.6, −2.09) |
| Mild Depression or Higher5 | 23.8% (n = 5) | 4.8% (n = 1) | 0.078 | 0.59 (−0.78, 0.025) |
*
One participant < 40 years of age;
1
AHA/ACC Risk ≥ 7.5;
2
Vascular Risk Factors;
3
Low Density Lipoprotein;
4
High Density Lipoprotein;
5
Fourteen or higher on Beck Depression Inventory