Table 1.

The concentration of known metabolites of the test compounds produced in C. elegans.

Compound	Metabolite identified in mammals9,16	Mammalian CYP450 required for metabolite production	Metabolite recovered in supernatant (ng/ml)	Metabolite recovered in pellet (ng/ml)	Evidence that this reaction can occur in C. elegans
Phenacetin	Paracetamol	CYP1A2	5	14	yes
Tolbutamide	Hydroxytolbutamide	CYP2C8/9/19	1387	276	yes
	Carboxytolbutamide	CYP2C8/9/19	4.5	1	yes
Diclofenac	Hydroxydiclofenac	CYP2C9	67	667	yes
Amitriptyline	Nortriptyline	CYP2C19	207	not tested	yes
	E-10-hydroxyamitriptyline	CYP2D6	40	not tested	yes
Clomipramine	Norclomipramine	CYP2C19	230	1969	yes
Dextromethorphan	Dextrorphan	CYP2D6	1842	1251	yes
	3-methoxymorphinan	CYP3A4	228	250	yes
Nifedipine	Oxidised nifedipine	CYP3A4	692	10725*	yes

We started with 50 µg/ml parent compound in 50 ml flasks over 48 h. Metabolite concentration was then measured after the 50 ml culture had been allowed to settle and concentration was measured by LCMS both in the worm pellet and in the supernatant. The concentration of metabolites produced is expressed in ng/ml. *As this value falls outside the linear calibration range of the experiment (see Methods), it should be taken only to confirm substantial production of the metabolite rather than a precise measure of quantity.