Figure 2.

Associations of neutrophil gelatinase−associated lipocalin (NGAL) and kidney injury molecule−1 (KIM-1) with risk of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and mortality, overall and by time in REasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study participants. Figure illustrates the associations of each biomarker with the outcomes ESRD and mortality during each 2-year time interval during the period of follow-up. The hazard ratios for ESRD and mortality appeared to be strongest in the first 2 years of follow-up, with a progressive weakening over time for both biomarkers. Hazard ratios are per doubling of urinary marker, using multivariable adjusted models controlling for demographics, socioeconomic status, diabetes mellitus, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, hypertension, smoking, body mass index, alcohol use, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, C-reactive protein, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and urine creatinine.