. 2018 Apr 12;31(10):1611–1618. doi: 10.5713/ajas.17.0833

Table 5.

Effects of dietary amylose to amylopectin ratios on rumen morphology in lambs at different days of age

Variable	Diet				SEM	p-value¹⁾			Age				SEM

	TS	CS	WS	PS		D	A	D×A	d 21	d 35	d 56	d 77
Rumen dorsal location
Papillae height (μm)	1,014.42^b	1,028.93^ab	1,029.65^ab	1,060.54^a	13.57	^**	^***	NS	588.46^d	833.03^c	1,292.76^b	1,419.29^a	13.57
Papillae width (μm)	316.36^b	310.75^b	310.65^b	337.51^a	6.33	^**	^***	NS	285.50^c	277.69^c	342.99^b	369.10^a	6.33
Surface area of papillae (mm²)	0.33^b	0.33^b	0.33^b	0.37^a	0.01	^***	^***	NS	0.17^d	0.23^c	0.44^b	0.52^a	0.01
Muscular layer thickness (μm)	441.86	439.38	444.08	439.22	5.10	NS	^***	NS	394.99^c	418.21^b	410.38^b	540.97^a	5.10
Papillae density (number/cm²)	101	98	101	96	2.06	NS	^***	NS	115^a	110^a	91^b	80^c	2.06
Rumen ventral location
Papillae height (μm)						^***	^***	^*
d 21	581.00	584.44	589.67	598.72	11.45	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
d 35	800.50	839.11	835.72	856.78	24.14	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
d 56	1,279.06	1,272.44	1,295.72	1,323.83	34.02	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
d 77	1,397.11	1,419.72	1,397.5	1,462.83	41.03	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Papillae width (μm)	302.42^b	317.51^ab	311.72^ab	322.44^a	5.09	^**	^***	NS	245.60^d	282.11^c	340.60^b	385.79^a	5.09
Surface area of papillae (mm²)	0.34^b	0.35^b	0.36^ab	0.39^a	0.01	^**	^***	NS	0.15^d	0.25^c	0.46^b	0.59^a	0.01
Muscular layer thickness (μm)	452.08	467.32	452.42	454.08	5.95	NS	^***	NS	394.57^d	422.21^c	472.36^b	536.76^a	5.95
Papillae density (number/cm²)	96	95	95	98	1.21	NS	^***	NS	115^a	103^b	87^c	79^d	1.21

TS, tapioca starch group; CS, corn starch group; WS, wheat starch group; PS, pea starch group; SEM, standard error of the mean.

¹⁾

D, diet; A, age; D×A, interaction.

^**

p<0.01;

^***

p<0.001. NS, not significant.

^a,b,c,d

Within a row, different superscripts indicate significant difference between means (p<0.05), When there are significant difference of the interaction D and A, it is showed in 4×4 line-column.