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. 2018 Jul 5;96(9):3657–3669. doi: 10.1093/jas/sky263

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© The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 2. — Antioxidative effect of Digestarom DC (D-DC) (A), licorice extract (LIC) (B), oregano essential oil (ORE) (C), grape seed extract (GRS) (D), menthol (MENT) (E), methyl salicylate (MES) (F), oak bark extract (OAK) (G), and the plant powder mix (PLA) (H) in intestinal porcine epithelial cells (IPEC-J2). Cells were exposed to 40 µM 2′, 7′-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) for 1 h. After subsequent preincubation with the test substances for 1 h, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was induced by stimulation with 0.5 mM hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) for another 1 h. Relative fluorescence values compared with the H₂O₂-treated control (SC) (set to 100%) are shown. Each diagram also shows the untreated control (CC) and the effects of the assay control gallic acid. The results represent the mean and SEM of five independent experiments (n = 5). Significant differences are marked by asterisks (*P < 0.05; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001).