Table 1.
Item | Abbreviation | Characterization | Test concentration, µg/mL |
---|---|---|---|
Grape seed extract | GRS | Water extract of Vitis vinifera seeds; total phenols ≥ 40% | 1, 2, 4 |
Licorice extract | LIC | Water extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra roots; glycyrrhizic acid > 5.5% | 15, 30, 60 |
L-menthol | MENT | Natural, from Mentha arvensis aerial parts; Purity > 99% | 3.125, 6.25, 12.5 |
Methyl salicylate | MES | Purity > 99% | 1, 3.125, 6.25 |
Oak bark extract | OAK | Ethanol extract of Quercus robur bark; tannins 4.9%, calculated as pyrogallol | 1, 2, 4 |
Oregano | ORE | Essential oil of Origanum vulgare aerial parts; carvacrol 60–75% | 25, 50, 100 |
Plant powder mix | PLA | Dried and ground Cinnamomum verum bark, Gentiana lutea root, and Angelica archangelica root | 10, 20, 40 |