Table 4.

Effect of diet on fecal DM, pH, and fecal concentration of fermentative end products

Item	Diet1,2		SED3	P-value
	LF–HS	HF–LS
DM, %	28.0	27.8	0.530	0.69
pH	5.84	5.88	0.082	0.63
NH3, µmol/g DM	39.3	36.8	3.00	0.42
VFA, µmol/g DM
Total	836	854	26.7	0.52
Acetate	471	478	17.6	0.71
Propionate	258	276	11.5	0.14
Isobutyrate	8.92	9.17	0.607	0.69
Butyrate	83.7	74.7	6.31	0.19
Isovalerate	11.8	12.0	0.876	0.78
Valerate	2.75	3.42	0.914	0.48
VFA, mmol/mol
Acetate	562	561	13.0	0.93
Propionate	310	323	9.80	0.24
Butyrate	99.0	87.0	6.20	0.075
BCFA4	28.0	29.0	2.00	0.47

¹HF–LS = high fat–low starch; LF–HS = low fat–high starch.

²Least square means for n = 12 dogs per diet.

³SE of the difference for comparison between diets.

⁴Branched-chain fatty acids: calculated as the sum of isobutyrate, isovalerate, and valerate.