Table 2. Clinical trials of prophylactic cranial irradiation for non-small-cell lung cancer.
| Study (year) | Phase | Patients (n) | Stage | WBRT dose | OS (months) | 1-year OS (%) | 5-year OS (%) | Time to developing brain mets (weeks) | Probability of brain as first site of failure (%) | Actuarial incidence of brain mets (%) | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gore et al. (2011) | III | 356 | IIIA/IIIB | 30 Gy/15 fractions | NA | 75.6 PCI vs 76.9 Obs | NA | NA | NA | NA | [69] |
| Pottgen et al. (2007) | NA | 112 | IIIA | 30 Gy/15 fractions | NA | NA | 18 Obs vs PCI 16 | NA | 7.8 Obs vs 34.7 PCI at 5 years | 23.7 Obs vs 8.8 PCI (2 years) 30.7 Obs vs 15.8 PCI (5 years) |
[68] |
| Stuschke et al. (1999) | II† | 75 | IIIA (N2)/IIIB | 30 Gy/15 fractions | NA | NA | NA | NA | 30 Obs vs 8 PCI at 4 years | 48 Obs vs 8 PCI (2 years) 54 Obs vs 13 PCI (4 years) |
[67] |
| Albain et al. (1995) | II† | 126 | IIIA (N2)/IIIB | 36 Gy/18 fractions | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | [66] |
| Strauss et al. (1992) | II† | 41 | IIIA | 30 Gy/15 fractions | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | [65] |
| Russell et al. (1991) | NA | 187 | Inoperable T1–4, N1–3, M0 or resected T1–3, N1–2, M0 | 30 Gy/10 fractions | 8 PCI 8 Obs |
40 44 |
NA | NA | NA | 19 Obs vs 9 PCI (interval not specified) | [98] |
| Umsawasdi et al. (1984) | NA | 100 | Locally advanced | 30 Gy/10 fractions | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4 PCI vs 27 Obs (median follow-up 59 and 55 weeks, respectively) | [99] |
| Cox et al. (1981) | NA | NA | Patients without distant dissemination | 20 Gy/10 fractions | NA | NA | NA | 29 Obs vs 34 PCI | NA | NA | [64] |
†Nonrandomized.
Mets: Metastases; NA: Not available; Obs: Observation; OS: Overall survival; PCI: Prophylactic cranial irradiation; WBRT: Whole-brain radiation therapy.