Figure 4.

Single-Threaded Computation Time

Per-sample CPU time when imputing a 10 Mb region from 10k, 100k, 1M, and 10M simulated UK-European reference samples into 1,000 target samples using one computational thread. CPU time is the sum of the system and user time returned by the Unix time command. Impute4 was run with only the 10k reference panel due to software limitations. Minimac3 and Minimac4 were not run with the 10M reference panel due to memory and time constraints.

(A) Results for Impute4, Minimac3, Minimac4, Beagle 4.1, and Beagle 5.0.

(B) Zoomed-in results for Impute4, Minimac4, and Beagle 5.0.