Table 3.
Prevalence and clinical impact of a high GPS
| High GPS definition | Reference group | Odds ratio | 95% CI | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAD | ||||
| Top 20% of distribution | Remaining 80% | 2.55 | 2.43–2.67 | <1 × 10−300 |
| Top 10% of distribution | Remaining 90% | 2.89 | 2.74–3.05 | <1 × 10−300 |
| Top 5% of distribution | Remaining 95% | 3.34 | 3.12–3.58 | 6.5 × 10−264 |
| Top 1% of distribution | Remaining 99% | 4.83 | 4.25–5.46 | 1.0 × 10−132 |
| Top 0.5% of distribution | Remaining 99.5% | 5.17 | 4.34–6.12 | 7.9 × 10−78 |
| Atrial fibrillation | ||||
| Top 20% of distribution | Remaining 80% | 2.43 | 2.29–2.59 | 2.1 × 10−177 |
| Top 10% of distribution | Remaining 90% | 2.74 | 2.55–2.94 | 7.0 × 10−169 |
| Top 5% of distribution | Remaining 95% | 3.22 | 2.95–3.51 | 1.1 × 10−152 |
| Top 1% of distribution | Remaining 99% | 4.63 | 3.96–5.39 | 2.9 × 10−84 |
| Top 0.5% of distribution | Remaining 99.5% | 5.23 | 4.24–6.39 | 3.5 × 10−56 |
| Type 2 diabetes | ||||
| Top 20% of distribution | Remaining 80% | 2.33 | 2.20–2.46 | 3.1 × 10−201 |
| Top 10% of distribution | Remaining 90% | 2.49 | 2.34–2.66 | 1.2 × 10−167 |
| Top 5% of distribution | Remaining 95% | 2.75 | 2.53–2.98 | 1.7 × 10−130 |
| Top 1% of distribution | Remaining 99% | 3.30 | 2.81–3.85 | 1.4 × 10−49 |
| Top 0.5% of distribution | Remaining 99.5% | 3.48 | 2.79–4.29 | 4.3 × 10−30 |
| Inflammatory bowel disease | ||||
| Top 20% of distribution | Remaining 80% | 2.19 | 2.03–2.36 | 7.7 × 10−95 |
| Top 10% of distribution | Remaining 90% | 2.43 | 2.22–2.65 | 8.8 × 10−88 |
| Top 5% of distribution | Remaining 95% | 2.66 | 2.38–2.96 | 3.0 × 10−68 |
| Top 1% of distribution | Remaining 99% | 3.87 | 3.18–4.66 | 1.4 × 10−43 |
| Top 0.5% of distribution | Remaining 99.5% | 4.81 | 3.74–6.08 | 9.0 × 10−37 |
| Breast cancer | ||||
| Top 20% of distribution | Remaining 80% | 2.07 | 1.97–2.19 | 3.4 × 10−159 |
| Top 10% of distribution | Remaining 90% | 2.32 | 2.18–2.48 | 2.3 × 10−148 |
| Top 5% of distribution | Remaining 95% | 2.55 | 2.35–2.76 | 2.1 × 10−112 |
| Top 1% of distribution | Remaining 99% | 3.36 | 2.88–3.91 | 1.3 × 10−54 |
| Top 0.5% of distribution | Remaining 99.5% | 3.83 | 3.11–4.68 | 8.2 × 10−38 |
Odds ratios were calculated by comparing those with high GPS with the remainder of the population in a logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, genotyping array, and the first four principal components of ancestry. The breast cancer analysis was restricted to female participants. CI, confidence interval.