Table 5. Factors associated with access to health care among Nepalese migrants in Japan.

	Perceived better access to a doctor/health worker (N = 642)			Needed to see a doctor/health worker, but did not (N = 642)
Variables	AOR	95% CI	p value	AOR	95% CI	p value
Predisposing factors
Age	1.02	0.97–1.06	0.437	0.99	0.95–1.03	0.488
Sex
Male	Ref.
Female	1.00	0.64–1.66	0.999	0.81	0.50–1.29	0.469
Marital status
Unmarried	Ref.
Married	1.14	0.69–1.90		0.97	0.57–1.66	0.927
Ethnicity
Brahmin/Chhetri/Thakuri	Ref.
Janajati	0.75	0.49–1.33	0.165	1.04	0.68–1.60	0.811
Dalit	0.66	0.31–1.41	0.262	2.28	1.14–4.59	0.015
Education obtained in Nepal before migration
Less than higher secondary	Ref.
Higher secondary	1.83	0.92–3.62	0.099	0.87	0.47–1.59	0.723
Bachelors degree or above	1.81	0.92–3.57	0.097	0.64	0.34–1.19	0.177
Length of stay in Japan (years)	1.11	1.03–1.19	0.008	0.94	0.87–1.02	0.198
Visa/legal status
Student	Ref.
Skilled labor (cook) or dependent	1.02	0.34–3.06	0.879	0.84	0.29–2.46	0.895
Designated activities (refugee applicant)	1.07	0.28–4.06	0.937	0.62	0.18–2.15	0.576
Others	0.78	0.23–2.60	0.530	0.44	0.13–1.57	0.294
Enabling factors
Employment status in Japan
Full-time employee	Ref.
Part-time employee	1.09	0.49–2.42	0.800	1.02	0.50–2.11	0.971
Student and part-time employee	1.37	0.43–4.37	0.708	0.38	0.12–1.21	0.129
Others	0.96	0.46–2.00	0.934	1.05	0.50–2.20	0.986
Need of Japanese language interpreter during visit to health facilities
Yes	Ref.
No	1.79	1.17–2.73	0.015	0.34	0.21–0.56	<0.001
Payment of the health insurance premium
Regular	Ref.
Irregular (Not paid for a year or more)	0.21	0.13–0.33	<0.001	4.09	2.75–6.08	<0.001
Perceived social support score	1.01	1.00–0.99	0.238	1.00	0.99–1.01	0.775
Need factors
Self-rated health status
Good/very good/excellent	Ref.
Poor/fair	0.60	0.41–0.89	0.013	1.03	0.70–1.53	0.945
Stress score	1.01	0.96–1.01	0.953	0.99	0.96–1.03	0.536
Depressive symptoms score	1.02	0.99–1.05	0.058	1.00	0.98–1.04	0.833
Anxiety score	0.98	0.94–1.01	0.234	1.01	0.98–1.04	0.639