Fig. 4.

CSC-DC vaccination combined with immune checkpoints blockade significantly enhanced the proliferation of T cells and IFNγ production, but significantly reduced the production of TGF-β. A, The proliferation of splenic T cells from mice treated with PBS, H-DC vaccines, and CSC-DC vaccines alone or in combination with anti-CTLA-4 and/or anti-PD-L1. Splenic T cells were obtained on days 30 after tumor challenge. CD3⁺ T cells were sorted and activated in vitro with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 followed by expansion with IL-2. The T cell proliferation was then analyzed using the WST-8 Cell Counting Kit-8. B, The function of the T cells was characterized by measuring their IFN-γ, TGF-β, and IL-10 production. Each column represents the mean±SE of three independent experiments performed.