Table 5.

Fully adjusted relative risk ratio estimates from multinomial logistic regression models for associations of exposures with antidepressant categories (against sertraline as the referent group) in patients aged >25 years (n=1248)

	Any one SNRI and mirtazapine	Any one SSRI and mirtazapine	Any two SSRIs	Citalopram	Escitalopram	Fluoxetine	Mirtazapine	Venlafaxine
Age (year increment)	1.04 (1.02–1.05)*	1.03 (1.01–1.04)*	0.99 (0.97–1.01)	1.00 (0.99–1.02)	1.00 (0.98–1.03)	0.99 (0.98–1.01)	1.03 (1.02–1.04)*	1.02 (1.01–1.04)*
Male gender†	0.87 (0.51–1.50)	1.29 (0.79–2.11)	0.89 (0.47–1.69)	0.89 (0.59–1.35)	1.04 (0.52–2.07)	1.25 (0.78–2.00)	2.36 (1.64–3.37)*	1.10 (0.70–1.73)
Past inpatient: yes‡	1.10 (0.45–2.69)	0.96 (0.40–2.24)	0.30 (0.07–1.26)	0.83 (0.36–1.95)	0.50 (0.09–3.23)	0.50 (0.18–1.37)	0.62 (0.31–1.24)	0.61 (0.25–1.47)
Past benzodiazepine use: yes‡	1.46 (0.76–2.78)	1.25 (0.65–2.41)	2.97 (1.32–6.68)**	1.61 (0.89–2.90)	1.90 (0.80–4.49)	1.13 (0.57–2.24)	1.94 (1.20–3.16)**	1.87 (1.04–3.34)**
Past antipsychotic use: yes‡	2.02 (1.14–3.58)**	1.30 (0.73–2.32)	1.02 (0.46–2.26)	1.08 (0.66–1.80)	1.55 (0.73–3.30)	1.02 (0.57–1.80)	1.16 (0.76–1.78)	1.53 (0.92–2.57)
Past mood stabiliser use: yes‡	2.26 (0.97–5.30)	1.03 (0.37–2.90)	1.17 (0.31–4.44)	0.78 (0.30–2.14)	2.67 (0.91–7.76)	1.75 (0.68–4.47)	1.27 (0.60–2.71)	2.76 (1.28–5.97)**
Past antidepressant use: yes‡	2.70 (1.07–6.86)**	0.81 (0.41–1.61)	0.44 (0.20–0.95)**	0.72 (0.43–1.21)	2.07 (0.43–5.54)	1.07 (0.20–1.96)	0.83 (0.50–1.36)	1.09 (0.60–2.05)
Has had psychotherapy treatment before: yes‡	0.80 (0.36–1.76)	1.30 (0.64–2.63)	0.95 (0.33–2.71)	0.52 (0.24–1.15)	1.75 (0.66–4.57)	1.12 (0.51–2.44)	0.68 (0.38–1.23)	0.86 (0.43–1.73)
Has been referred to IAPT services: yes‡	2.04 (1.20–3.48)**	0.99 (0.60–1.62)	0.93 (0.50–1.73)	1.00 (0.67–1.50)	1.36 (0.70–2.66)	0.98 (0.61–1.68)	0.93 (0.64–1.34)	0.83 (0.53–1.31)
Psychotic symptom: ≥2  mentions§	0.81 (0.39–1.69)	1.67 (0.85–3.26)	0.88 (0.36–2.22)	1.70 (0.94–3.09)	0.70 (0.23–2.13)	1.45 (0.75–2.81)	1.24 (0.75–2.06)	1.19 (0.63–2.23)
Cognitive symptom: ≥2  mentions§	1.16 (0.58–2.34)	1.26 (0.63–2.53)	0.88 (0.35–2.26)	0.86 (0.44–1.66)	0.98 (0.33–2.88)	0.77 (0.37–1.64)	0.61 (0.36–1.05)	1.12 (0.58–2.13)
Affective symptom: ≥2  mentions§	0.51 (0.25–1.03)	0.57 (0.29–1.12)	0.93 (0.41–2.10)	0.51 (0.30–0.86)**	0.48 (0.21–1.10)	0.35 (0.19–0.66)**	0.82 (0.50–1.32)	0.95 (0.53–1.68)
Somatic symptom: ≥2  mentions§	1.39 (0.71–2.74)	1.01 (0.52–1.96)	1.11 (0.49–2.48)	0.66 (0.38–1.14)	1.02 (0.47–2.42)	1.18 (0.63–2.19)	1.61 (1.01–2.56)**	0.70 (0.39–1.22)
Past suicidal ideation: yes‡	1.37 (0.75–2.50)	1.03 (0.57–1.89)	0.89 (0.40–1.98)	0.80 (0.47–1.37)	0.50 (0.19–1.34)	0.92 (0.51–1.67)	0.93 (0.59–1.46)	0.84 (0.48–1.48)
Past suicide attempt: yes‡	1.04 (0.51–2.11)	1.51 (0.78–2.91)	1.74 (0.76–4.00)	1.35 (0.75–2.41)	0.44 (0.12–1.64)	2.06 (1.10–3.87)**	1.18 (0.71–1.95)	1.19 (0.63–2.20)

*P<0.05; **P<0.001.

†Reference: female.

‡Reference: no.

§Reference: 0 or 1 mention of the symptom. Individuals with 0 or 1 mention of a symptom in the 12-month period prior to the observation frame were considered to be undergoing a milder experience of the symptom compared with individuals who had 2 or more mentions of the symptom in the 12-month period.

IAPT, improving access to psychiatric treatment; SNRI, selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor; SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.