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. 2018 May 24;218(8):1314–1323. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiy296

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

Plasmodium vivax infection triggers the expression of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), and decreases forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) expression in PD-1+ regulatory T cells (Treg). A, Representative density plots showing the proportion of Treg expressing CTLA-4, PD-1, and coexpressing CTLA-4 and PD-1 (left panels) from a single P. vivax-infected patient before (BT; left plots) and after treatment (AT; right plots). Percentage of Treg expressing CTLA-4, PD-1, and co-expressing CTLA-4 and PD-1 from P. vivax-infected patients BT (●, n = 14) and AT (○, n = 14) (right panels). Lines represent the median values of a given measurement in each group. B, Mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Foxp3 expression analyzed ex vivo in CD127lowCD25+CD4+ T cells (Treg), and their subpopulations expressing or not CTLA-4 (left graph) and PD-1 (right graph) in P. vivax-infected patients BT (n = 14) and AT (n = 14). ** .001 < P < .05 and *** P < .001 using the Wilcoxon Test.