Table 2.

Key indicators of RRI dimensions, summarized from Stilgoe et al. (2013)

Dimension	Key indicators
Anticipation	Showing the capacity to ask “what if”-questions. (What is likely? What is plausible?)
	Showing the capacity to think systemically
	Acknowledging the value of system thinking
	Explicitly recognizing complexities and co-evolution
Inclusion	Recognizing and acknowledging engagement beyond key stakeholders
	Diversifying the inputs to and delivery of governance
	Opening up framings of issues
	Recognizing engagement as a learning process
	Opening up discussion on future social worlds
Reflexivity	Being able to hold a mirror up to one’s own activities, commitments, and assumptions
	Being aware of the limits of (technical) knowledge
	Being mindful that a particular framing of an issue may not be universally held
	Scrutinizing value systems and theories that shape science and innovation
	Opening up alternatives
	Rethinking prevailing conceptions about the moral division of labour within science and innovation
	Recognizing wider moral responsibilities
Responsiveness	Acknowledging the need or possibility to change shape or direction in response to stakeholder and public values and changing circumstances
	Recognizing the limitations of knowledge and power
	Being able to situate the project in the wider political and economic landscape
	Showing the capacity to scrutinize science system elements and governance
	mechanisms (e.g. with regard to intellectual property regimes, and funding)
	Incorporating particular ethical values in their design