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. 2018 Sep 3;9:1079. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01079

Table 1.

Formulation and proximate composition of the experimental diets.

C HC HCB1 HCB2 HCB3 HCB4
Formulation (%)
Fish meal 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00 8.00
Soybean meal 26.00 26.00 26.00 26.00 26.00 26.00
Rapeseed meal 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00
Cottonseed meal 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00 17.00
Fish oil 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Soybean oil 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00 2.00
Corn starch 12.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00 25.00
Benfotiamine (mg/kg) 0 0 0.7125 1.425 2.85 5.7
Microcrystalline cellulose 13.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Calcium biphosphate 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80 1.80
Premix 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20 1.20
Proximate composition (% air-dry basis)
Moisture 6.96 6.85 6.92 6.95 6.90 6.87
Crude lipid 5.93 5.71 5.78 5.66 5.77 5.87
Ash 8.46 8.28 8.12 8.23 8.34 8.20
Crude protein 29.82 30.12 30.31 30.03 30.02 30.11
Crude fiber 16.97 6.18 6.29 6.30 6.23 6.28
Nitrogen-free extract 31.86 42.75 42.58 42.83 42.74 42.67
Energy (MJ/kg) 19.09 19.24 19.38 19.31 19.23 19.30

C, the control diet; HC, the high-carbohydrate diet; HCB1, the HC diet supplemented with 0.7125 mg/kg benfotiamine; HCB2, the HC diet supplemented with 1.425 mg/kg benfotiamine; HCB3, the HC diet supplemented with 2.85 mg/kg benfotiamine; HCB4, the HC diet supplemented with 5.7 mg/kg benfotiamine (the same below). Premix supplied the following minerals and/or vitamins (per kg): CuSO4⋅5H2O, 2.0 g; FeSO4⋅7H2O, 25 g; ZnSO4⋅7H2O, 22 g; MnSO4⋅4H2O, 7 g; Na2SeO3, 0.04g; KI, 0.026 g; CoCl2⋅6H2O, 0.1 g; Vitamin A, 900,000 IU; Vitamin D, 200,000 IU; Vitamin E, 4500 mg; Vitamin K3, 220 mg; Vitamin B1, 320 mg; Vitamin B2, 1090 mg; Vitamin B5, 2000 mg; Vitamin B6, 500 mg; Vitamin B12, 1.6 mg; Vitamin C, 5000 mg; Pantothenate, 1000 mg; Folic acid, 165 mg; Choline, 60,000 mg. Calculated by difference (100 - moisture - crude protein - crude lipid - ash - crude fiber).