Table 1.

Characteristics of the included randomised controlled trials

Study	Trial phase	Line of treatment	Underlying malignancy	Experimental drugs	PD-L1 antibody clone	Assay developer	IHC scoring method	Randomisation stratified by PD-L1 expression		No of patients						Median follow-up (months)
										Intervention			Control
										PD-L1 negative	PD-1 positive		PD-L1 negative	PD-1 positive
CheckMate 0178 9	III	2nd	Lung cancer	Nivolumab v docetaxel	28-8	Dako	Type I	No		54	63		52	56		>24
CheckMate 02510	III	2nd or later	Renal cancer	Nivolumab v everolimus	NR	Dako	Type I	No		276	94		299	87		14
CheckMate 0578 11	III	2nd or later	Lung cancer	Nivolumab v docetaxel	28-8	Dako	Type I	No		108	123		101	123		>24
CheckMate 14112	III	2nd or later	Head and neck cancer	Nivolumab v chemotherapy	28-8	Dako	Type I	No		73	88		38	61		5.1
KEYNOTE-00613	III	1st or 2nd	Melanoma	Pembrolizumab v ipilimumab	22C3	Merck	Type II	Yes		103	446		47	225		22.9
KEYNOTE-04514	III	2nd or later	Urothelial cancer	Pembrolizumab v chemotherapy	22C3	Dako	Type II	No		NR*	NR†		NR*	NR†		14.1
OAK15	III	2nd or later	Lung cancer	Atezolizumab v docetaxel	SP142	VENTANA	Type II	Yes		180	241		199	222		21
POPLAR16	II	2nd or later	Lung cancer	Atezolizumab v docetaxel	SP142	VENTANA	Type II	Yes		51	93		41	102		14.8

^*The total number of patients in the intervention and control groups is 298.

^†The total number of patients in the intervention and control groups is 230.

IHC=immunohistochemistry; Type I=membranous staining on tumour cells; Type II=membranous or cytoplasmic staining, or both, of tumour and immune cells; NR=not reported