Table 3.
The association of HDP history and CVD risk factors at age 50, the change in CVD risk factors from age 50 to age 60 years, and the interaction between HDP history and age
| Age 50, no HDP history | Mean differencea at age 50 years in women with history of HDP (95% CI) | p, history of HDP | Mean difference, age 60 vs. 50 years (95% CI)b | p, age | Interaction, history of HDP and age 60 years (95% CI)c | p, interaction | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI, kg/m2 | |||||||
| Model I | Reference | 1.16 (0.66; 1.66) | < 0.001 | 1.12 (1.06; 1.17) | < 0.001 | − 0.15 (− 0.42; 0.12) | 0.27 |
| Model II | Reference | 1.13 (0.63; 1.63) | < 0.001 | 1.12 (1.06; 1.17) | < 0.001 | − 0.15 (− 0.42; 0.12) | 0.27 |
| Model III | Reference | 1.09 (0.59; 1.59) | < 0.001 | 1.06 (1.00; 1.12) | < 0.001 | − 0.15 (− 0.42; 0.12) | 0.27 |
| SBP, mmHg | |||||||
| Model I | Reference | 13.5 (11.2; 15.8) | < 0.001 | 8.28 (7.85; 8.72) | < 0.001 | −2.84 (− 4.94; − 0.73) | 0.01 |
| Model II | Reference | 13.3 (11.1; 15.6) | < 0.001 | 8.28 (7.85; 8.72) | < 0.001 | −2.84 (− 4.94; − 0.73) | 0.01 |
| Model III | Reference | 11.5 (9.32; 13.7) | < 0.001 | 10.2 (7.44; 12.9) | < 0.001 | − 2.41 (− 4.49; − 0.33) | 0.02 |
| DBP, mmHg | |||||||
| Model I | Reference | 8.58 (7.23; 9.93) | < 0.001 | 2.46 (2.20; 2.73) | < 0.001 | −3.15 (− 4.42; − 1.89) | < 0.001 |
| Model II | Reference | 8.50 (7.15; 9.85) | < 0.001 | 2.46 (2.20; 2.73) | < 0.001 | − 3.15 (− 4.42; − 1.89) | < 0.001 |
| Model III | Reference | 7.55 (6.25; 8.86) | < 0.001 | 4.06 (2.42; 5.71) | < 0.001 | − 2.91 (− 4.18; − 1.65) | < 0.001 |
| Total serum cholesterol, %a | |||||||
| Model I | Reference | 3.9 (1.4; 6.4) | 0.002 | 5.1 (4.5; 5.7) | < 0.001 | − 1.9 (− 4.7; 1.0) | 0.20 |
| Model II | Reference | 3.8 (1.3; 6.3) | 0.003 | 5.1 (4.5; 5.7) | < 0.001 | − 1.9 (− 4.7; 1.0) | 0.20 |
| Model III | Reference | 3.5 (1.0; 6.0) | 0.007 | 16.8 (13.1; 20.5) | < 0.001 | − 1.5 (− 4.3; 1.4) | 0.30 |
Model I includes: history of HDP (yes or no), age at visit (50 or 60 years), interaction term between HDP and age at visit
Model II additionally includes: family history of diabetes mellitus (yes/no), family history of cardiovascular disease (yes or no)
Model III additionally adjusts for: smoking (yes or no), interaction term between age and smoking, education level (9 years or less, 10–12 years, > 12 years), year of birth, BMI (not in model with BMI as outcome), interaction between age and BMI (not in model with BMI as outcome)
BMI body mass index, CI confidence interval, CVD cardiovascular disease, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HDP hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, OGTT oral glucose tolerance test, SBP systolic blood pressure
aFor cholesterol the results are presented as difference in percentage as the outcome is log transformed
bThe effect estimate of 10 years age increase from age 50 years is shown for comparison with the effect estimate of HDP history at age 50 years
cColumn shows the difference in associations with HDP history at age 60 years compared to age 50 years