Table 1.
Pooled data on female trainees and specialist representation, and membership of critical care societies, in intensive care medicine from different geographic regions
| Region/country | Time period | Proportion of female trainees/specialists in the workforce |
|---|---|---|
| North America | ||
| Canada (https://healthmanagement.org/c/icu/news/lives2017-is-there-a-critical-care-gender-gap) [32] | 2015–2016 | 26.2% specialists 35% University of Toronto Paediatric and Adult CCM faculty |
| USA (https://healthmanagement.org/c/icu/news/lives2017-is-there-a-critical-care-gender-gap) | 2011–2015 | 40% physicians who wrote American Board of Internal Medicine CCM certification examination |
| South America | ||
| Argentina [33] | 2010 | 43% physicians who completed CCM training |
| Brazil [34] | 2012 | 30.2% of specialists in ICM were women |
| Europe | ||
| France (https://healthmanagement.org/c/icu/news/lives2017-is-there-a-critical-care-gender-gap) | 2012–2016 | 35% critical care trainees |
| Ireland [35] a | 2015 | 31.7% of specialists were women |
| Scandinavia (https://healthmanagement.org/c/icu/news/lives2017-is-there-a-critical-care-gender-gap) | 2001–2017 | 42% enrolled in Scandinavian European Diploma in CCM programme |
| Spain [36] | 2014 | Femininity indexb in critical care medicine 0.08 |
| UK (https://healthmanagement.org/c/icu/news/lives2017-is-there-a-critical-care-gender-gap) | 2015 | 33% physicians practising anaesthetics/CCM; 41% in age < 40 years group |
| Asia | ||
| China | 2017 | 46% Chinese Society of CCM members |
| Indiac | 2015–2017 | 32% trainees taking CCM—Part 2 examination 20% college of CCM members |
| Israel [37] a | 2011 | 22% of specialists were women |
| Africa | ||
| Mozambique, Guinea and Cape Verde [38]d | 2015 | 60% anaesthesiology and 29% internal medicine |
| Oceania | ||
| New Zealand [39] | 2012 | 30% of trainees and 18% of specialists were women. |
In regions where clear numbers of trainees and specialists were not available, we have provided other relevant data relating to female participation in the ICM workforce. CCM critical care medicine
aIn a number of countries, intensive or critical care medicine does not exist as an independent specialty. Patients are often managed by anaesthesiologists or internists and those figures have been reported when intensive or critical care medicine were not explicitly stated in the reports
bRatio between the number of women and men in permanent medical positions in the specialties throughout the study period
cPersonal correspondence with Dr Praveen Jain, Chairman, College of Critical Care Medicine, India
dGrouped data reported for the three countries