Table 2.

Paired comparisons of pre- and post-measurements.

		Pre		Post		Difference (Post-Pre)
Variable	N	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	95% Cl		t	df	Cohen’s d	p-Value
DTS	268	3.3	0.9	3.8	0.6	0.5	0.8	0.4	0.6	10.2	267	0.62	<.0001
Absorption	269	3.1	1.2	3.7	0.9	0.7	1.1	0.5	0.8	10.0	268	0.61	<.0001
Appraisal	269	3.3	1.0	3.5	0.7	0.2	0.9	0.0	0.3	2.7	268	0.16	.0000
Regulation	268	3.4	1.1	3.8	0.9	0.5	1.0	0.4	0.6	8.1	267	0.49	<.0001
Tolerance	269	3.5	1.0	4.1	0.8	0.6	0.9	0.5	0.7	11.4	268	0.70	<.0001
PSS	258	20.3	7.0	13.6	5.4	−6.7	6.0	−7.4	−6.0	−18.0	257	−1.12	<.0001
POMS
Anger	263	5.1	3.8	3.0	2.6	−2.1	3.5	−2.5	−1.6	−9.5	262	−0.59	<.0001
Confusion	260	5.6	3.2	4.0	2.4	−1.7	3.0	−2.0	−1.3	−8.9	259	−0.55	<.0001
Depression	267	5.6	4.2	3.3	3.2	−2.3	3.8	−2.8	−1.9	−10.1	266	−0.62	<.0001
Fatigue	261	8.3	4.9	4.9	3.9	−3.3	4.6	−3.9	−2.8	−11.7	260	−0.72	<.0001
Tension	267	7.4	4.0	4.7	2.9	−2.7	3.8	−3.2	−2.3	−11.9	266	−0.73	<.0001
Vigor	259	8.0	3.8	10.6	4.0	2.6	3.8	2.1	3.1	11.0	258	0.68	<.0001

Notes: DTS = Distress Tolerance Scale (Simons & Gaher, 2005); PSS = Perceived Stress Scale (Cohen, 1994); POMS-SF = Profile of Mood States-Short Form (McNair, Lorr, & Droppleman, 1992).