Fig. 1.

Nucleotide sequence diversity in ape and human P. vivax. (A) The π calculated across a common set of 4,260 core genes for six chimpanzee and nine human P. vivax strains (as in Table 2, but three genes with fewer than 35 aligned sites were excluded). Median and mean (weighted by gene length) π values are indicated by solid and dashed lines, respectively; box and whiskers indicate the interquartile range and 99th percentiles, respectively. Plots including outliers are shown in SI Appendix, Fig. S1B. (B) Density plots of NI values shown on a log₂ scale for ape (red) and human (black) P. vivax genes. Values are shown for 1,585 genes with nonzero values of NI in both populations. (C) Site-frequency spectra of polymorphisms at fourfold degenerate (blue) and zerofold degenerate (orange) sites extracted from SNP data of human P. vivax samples from Southeast Asia (20).