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. 2017 Apr 27;55(1):1671–1678. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1318293

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© 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 3. — (A–D) Effects of CA on pro-inflammatory biomarkers in liver in type 2 diabetic rats. NC: normal control; DC: diabetic control; DCA: diabetic rats treated with C. asiatica (L.) Urb. extracts; DME: diabetic rats treated with metformin; IL-1β: interleukin-1beta; IL-6: interleukin-6; MCP-1: monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; TNF-α: tumour necrosis factor alpha. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation; n = 6. Symbols # and *on bars indicate value differs significantly (p < 0.05) from NC group and DC group, respectively, using Tukey’s multiple comparison or unpaired Student’s t test.