Table 2. Adjusted ORs and 95% CIs for each outcome by eGFR category.
| Reconsultation and re-prescription within 14 days | Number of UTIs | Number (%) of events | Crude OR | Adjusted* OR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| eGFR ≥60 | 76,112 | 4,852 (6.4) | 1 | 1 | |
| eGFR 45–59 | 26,970 | 1,563 (5.8) | 0.90 | 0.97 (0.91–1.03) | 0.328 |
| eGFR 30–44 | 10,854 | 626 (5.8) | 0.90 | 1.03 (0.94–1.14) | 0.511 |
| eGFR 15–29 | 2,667 | 148 (5.5) | 0.86 | 1.02 (0.86–1.22) | 0.804 |
| eGFR <15 | 342 | 14 (4.1) | 0.63 | 0.72 (0.42–1.23) | 0.224 |
| Hospitalised for UTI within 14 days | |||||
| eGFR ≥60 | 76,112 | 1,003 (1.3) | 1 | 1 | |
| eGFR 45–59 | 26,970 | 526 (2.0) | 1.49 | 1.14 (1.01–1.28) | 0.028 |
| eGFR 30–44 | 10,854 | 317 (2.9) | 2.25 | 1.25 (1.08–1.44) | 0.003 |
| eGFR 15–29 | 2,667 | 129 (4.8) | 3.81 | 1.76 (1.43–2.16) | <0.001 |
| eGFR <15 | 342 | 16 (4.7) | 3.68 | 1.68 (1.01–2.82) | <0.001 |
| Hospitalised for sepsis within 14 days | |||||
| eGFR ≥60 | 76,112 | 77 (0.1) | 1 | 1 | |
| eGFR 45–59 | 26,970 | 46 (0.2) | 1.69 | 1.36 (0.92–2.01) | 0.119 |
| eGFR 30–44 | 10,854 | 32 (0.3) | 2.92 | 1.70 (1.06–2.72) | 0.027 |
| eGFR 15–29 | 2,667 | 17 (0.6) | 6.33 | 2.72 (1.50–4.94) | <0.001 |
| eGFR <15 | 342 | 4 (1.2) | 11.69 | 4.24 (1.48–11.23) | 0.007 |
| Hospitalised for AKI within 14 days | |||||
| eGFR ≥60 | 76,112 | 280 (0.4) | 1 | 1 | |
| eGFR 45–59 | 26,970 | 204 (0.8) | 2.06 | 1.57 (1.29–1.91) | <0.001 |
| eGFR 30–44 | 10,854 | 231 (2.1) | 5.89 | 3.21 (2.61–3.94) | <0.001 |
| eGFR 15–29 | 2,667 | 137 (5.1) | 14.67 | 6.70 (5.24–8.55) | <0.001 |
| eGFR <15 | 342 | 13 (3.8) | 10.70 | 4.53 (2.52–8.17) | <0.001 |
| Death within 28 days | |||||
| eGFR ≥60 | 76,112 | 588 (0.8) | 1 | 1 | |
| eGFR 45–59 | 26,970 | 285 (1.1) | 1.37 | 0.92 (0.79–1.07) | 0.275 |
| eGFR 30–44 | 10,854 | 201 (1.9) | 2.42 | 1.05 (0.87–1.26) | 0.598 |
| eGFR 15–29 | 2,667 | 99 (3.7) | 4.95 | 1.63 (1.27–2.10) | <0.001 |
| eGFR <15 | 342 | 19 (5.6) | 7.56 | 2.37 (1.44–3.89) | <0.001 |
*ORs adjusted for age, gender, Index of Multiple Deprivation score quintile, Charlson comorbidity score, being housebound, respiratory disease, peripheral vascular disease, liver disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, dementia, coronary heart disease, stroke, cancer, heart failure, polypharmacy, long-term prescribing of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-II receptor blockers, or potassium-sparing diuretics, urinary catheter, urinary incontinence, and choice and duration of antibiotic therapy.
Abbreviations: AKI, acute kidney injury; CI, confidence interval; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; OR, odds ratio; UTI, urinary tract infection.