Table 1.
Mental Disorders among Immigrants and US-Born Americans in the United States
| US-Born (n = 29,896; 84.05%) | Immigrant (n = 6,404; 15.95%) | Unadjusted | Adjusted | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| % | (95% CI) | % | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | OR | (95% CI) | |
| Lifetime | ||||||||
| DSM-5 Disorder | ||||||||
| Any Disorder | ||||||||
| No | 65.12 | (64.0–66.2) | 79.74 | (78.4–81.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 34.88 | (33.8–36.0) | 20.26 | (19.0–21.6) | 0.47 | (0.43–0.52) | 0.63 | (0.57–0.71) |
| Generalized Anxiety | ||||||||
| No | 91.62 | (91.1–92.1) | 95.99 | (95.3–96.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 8.38 | (7.9–8.9) | 4.01 | (3.4–4.7) | 0.46 | (0.38–0.55) | 0.68 | (0.54–0.86) |
| Bipolar I | ||||||||
| No | 97.77 | (97.5–98.0) | 98.72 | (98.3–99.0) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 2.23 | (2.0–2.5) | 1.28 | (0.97–1.7) | 0.57 | (0.42–0.77) | 0.84 | (0.56–1.28) |
| Major Depressive | ||||||||
| No | 77.83 | (77.0–78.6) | 87.68 | (86.5–88.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 22.17 | (21.4–23.0) | 12.32 | (11.2–13.5) | 0.49 | (0.44–0.55) | 0.67 | (0.58–0.76) |
| Persistent Depressive (Dysthymia) | ||||||||
| No | 93.95 | (93.5–94.3) | 97.15 | (96.6–97.6) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 6.05 | (5.6–6.5) | 2.85 | (2.4–3.4) | 0.45 | (0.37–0.56) | 0.64 | (0.51–0.80) |
| Panic | ||||||||
| No | 94.16 | (93.7–94.5) | 98.00 | (97.5–98.4) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 5.84 | (5.4–6.3) | 2.00 | (1.6–2.5) | 0.33 | (0.25–0.43) | 0.51 | (0.37–0.70) |
| Social Phobia | ||||||||
| No | 95.90 | (95.5–96.2) | 98.50 | (98.1–98.8) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 4.10 | (3.7–4.5) | 1.50 | (1.2–1.9) | 0.35 | (0.27–0.46) | 0.58 | (0.42–0.80) |
| Specific Phobia | ||||||||
| No | 93.15 | (92.8–93.5) | 95.96 | (95.3–96.5) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 6.85 | (6.5–7.2) | 4.04 | (3.5–4.7) | 0.57 | (0.49–0.67) | 0.70 | (0.59–0.85) |
| Posttraumatic Stress | ||||||||
| No | 93.24 | (92.7–93.7) | 97.24 | (96.7–97.7) | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 6.76 | (6.3–7.2) | 2.76 | (2.3–3.3) | 0.39 | (0.32–0.47) | 0.47 | (0.38–0.58) |
Note: Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) adjusted for age, gender, race/ethnicity, household income, education level, marital status, region of the United States, urbanicity, and parental history of anxiety and depression. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals in bold are statistically significant.