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. 2018 Sep 10;8:13497. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-31812-9

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Crystal structure of the DNA-free GR DBD. (A) Dimerization via formation of a disulfide between adjacent C431 residues. (B) Overall structure of the free GR-DBD with important structural elements highlighted. (C) The orientation of helix H3 differs between the free DBD and the DNA-bound state. In the DNA-bound state H3 lies across the major groove and makes interactions with the DNA phosphate backbone. The conformation of H3 found in the free state is rotated by ~60 degrees so that the helix lines up perpendicular to the major groove.